Hmmm I'd like to add a few things.
Acoustic and electric guitars are both different instruments. Of course they are somewhat similar to play but each has a whole lot of depth to it and has its own importance. Learning to play each to a high level will take you years. So, one should not be considered an upgrade to the other. And each of the techniques asad listed to be specific to an electric guitar, can be done perfectly on an acoustic and there is still much more you can do. Again, they are different instruments.
The goal with guitar(as with any other instrument) is music. And so, the best way to get started is to learn to play the music/songs you like. First step is to learn to read guitar tabs and use them to learn playing your favourite songs. ultimateguitar.com (UG) is an excellent site for that. If you don't know how to read tabs, you could search at youtube or you might find some articles at UG or many others. I see little point in practicing scales in the beginning because you are more likely to get bored and quit if you are not playing something you like and you can't see results of your efforts. The sole purpose of practicing scales and modes, in my opinion is to improve live improvisation so you can play without having to think about it. But, when you are creating your own music by taking your time, you don't necessarily abide by these. (In case you didn't know: a scale or a mode is a set of notes that if played together would sound good and have its own specific character). There are many great names in music who didn't even learn this simple stuff, let alone the bulk of music theory.
However, music theory and sheet music does help, especially in large groups. But, most pros don't know it. Some do and some even have degrees in music, but most don't.
About guitar amps: Basically, they can be divided in to 3 types. 1) Solid state, 2) Software, 3) Tube Amplifiers.
Solid state are the worst kind, but some people can make them sound good like Dimebag and his solid state Randall amps. But in general, they don't sound quite good. They are cheap and if your budget is low, you might get one from any well known brands like Laney, Marshall etc. By the time they aren't good enough for you, you'll know it, but for now, they are not too bad.
Software: They occur in many different forms. From actual VSTs in your PC, to footboards, to racks, to full fledged amps. They also have varying levels of sound quality, from those that sound like or even worse than solid state, to nearly as good as top of the line Tube amps. Likewise, they also have a wide price range from like 6-7000 to 300k. For new people, especially here in Pakistan, they are the best choice. Line 6 Spider series and POD footboards belong to this category. They are cheap and sound somewhat acceptable, and can be used an many different situations.
Tube amps: They sound the best and this is what the software and solid state are/were intended to emulate. But they much more costly than the former(and that is excluding any effects). Not only to purchase, but also to maintain and carry around. Besides they are generally not available here in Pakistan and you would have to import one and that would cost you a lot. Generally more than twice as much as their original price. So, buying one is generally not a good idea for new or casual players.
Besides these types of amps, there is power rating. From like 1 Watt to over 300Watts. This makes absolutely no difference in sound quality of an amp except in case of tube amps. So, if you buy solid state or software based amps, don't think about it. The only difference for you it would make would be how loud the amp is. This only matters when you practice with a band with a drum kit. And even then you don't usually need more than 50 Watts. Now don't even think about using these live as even 150 watt amps can't work, as the live sound system is in thousands of watts and you should always route through that. So, if you don't think you'd be playing with a band, a 10/15 Watt would be fine as it would be as loud as you need and still be light enough to carry around. If you play with a band, anything around 50/60 watts would be fine. You are unlikely to use anything more and the amp would be much bulky.